Chromosome organization of Aegilops
During the evolution of
Aegilops and
Triticum grass genera, ~3 Mya intensive diversification of D-genome lineage resulted in the formation of diploid C, M and U genomes of
Aegilops. The extent of structural genome alterations, which accompanied their evolution and speciation, and which may negatively affect gene transfer into wheat, remains unknown. Using fluorescence
in situ hybridization (FISH), chromosome positions of forty-three ortholog genes were mapped on M- and U-genome progenitors
Ae. comosa and
Ae. umbellulata, respectively. The single-gene FISH maps were used to investigate the chromosome structure and describe the synteny of wheat,
Aegilops M, U and C genomes. Specific DNA makers were developed from the physically mapped loci on
Aegilops chromosomes, substituting as yet unavailable segregating map. The new knowledge and resources will support the efforts to introgress
Aegilops genes into wheat and also their cloning.
Doi.
10.3389/fpls.2021.689031
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